Climate risk in Lahore
Punjab, Pakistan
Main risks in Lahore
On heat and earthquakes, Lahore ranks above at least 84% of the world's 626 large cities.
- Heat
- up to 45.9 °C in 2025 [1]
- Higher than 98% of the world's large cities; 3rd of 12 large cities in Pakistan.
- For comparison: Riyadh 46.3 °C, Khartoum 45.5 °C, Faridabad 43.6 °C.
- Earthquakes
- very strong shaking on firm ground (0.23 g), more on soft ground [2]
- Higher than 84% of the world's large cities; 5th of 12 large cities in Pakistan.
- For comparison: Guadalajara 0.29 g, Jakarta 0.28 g, Ankara 0.2 g.
- g is the pull of gravity: from about 0.1 g, shaking is strong and can cause light damage to buildings.
45.9 °C Natural Earth Hottest day of 2025
This week in Lahore
This week's forecast risk around the city, by day and by hour, and the hazard events near it now. [3] [4]
This week's forecast for the city cannot be shown here right now.
Open the city on the mapThe Earth right now
The Earth's pulse reads the whole world, not this city, so it is the same on every city's page.
Earth's pulse, from 0 to 100. It rises with the number of people in the path of disasters now under way; 90 matches the 2004 tsunami.
Open the live mapWhere else Lahore stands out
20%
Share of land sinking over 1 cm a year, within 15 km [5]
Higher than 93% of the world's large cities; 1st of 12 large cities in Pakistan.
For comparison: Yangon 23%, Quezon City 19%, Faridabad 15%.
extremely high
Water stress [6]
The top grade of its scale, shared by 30% of the world's large cities.
Around the city on the map
Earthquakes
Natural Earth Earthquake shaking on firm ground, 10% chance in 50 years
Sinking land
Natural Earth Water stress
Natural Earth Lahore's climate in the 2050s
2041-2060 compared with 1991-2020, if emissions level off [7] [8]
By the 2050s, Lahore's climate will be unlike any large city's today, its own included; of the other cities, Agra (India) comes closest.
+1.6 °C
Mean temperature over the year
+1.7 °C
Average daily high, warmest month
+1.6 °C
Average nightly low, coldest month
+12%
Precipitation over the year
If emissions keep rising, Agra (India) comes closest, though the match is only partial.
Climates are compared on seasonal temperature and rainfall alone, each difference weighed against the city's usual swings from year to year (the method of Mahony et al. 2017); heat waves, the heat of city streets and the rising sea are left out. 2 of the 3 estimates from the climate models, the middle one and the two ends of their range, point to Agra. [9]
Everything else measured
From the highest among the world's 626 large cities to the lowest.
| Reading | Lahore | Among 626 large cities | Rank in Pakistan (1 = highest) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot days in 2025, over 35 °C [1] | 120 days | higher than 95% of large cities | Rank in Pakistan (1 = highest): 4 of 12 |
| Tropical nights in 2025, over 20 °C [1] | 182 nights | higher than 71% of large cities | Rank in Pakistan (1 = highest): 6 of 12 |
| Days with 20 mm of rain or more in 2025 [1] | 12 days | higher than 61% of large cities | Rank in Pakistan (1 = highest): 4 of 12 |
| Drought risk [6] | High | the same grade as 44% of large cities; higher than 50%, lower than 6% | |
| Warming by 2050, if emissions level off [8] | +1.6 °C | higher than 23% of large cities | Rank in Pakistan (1 = highest): 11 of 12 |
| River flood depth, 100-year event [10] | Dry at the centre; other districts can flood | like 85% of large cities | |
| Land burned in an average year [11] | 0% | like 84% of large cities | |
| Tropical cyclone wind, once in 100 years [12] | No hurricane or typhoon reaches here | ||
| Share of the land around the centre (a 10 km square) that a 100-year flood from the sea puts under 0.5 m of water or more [10] | Far from the sea: no coastal flooding |
- Flood depth is given for one 1 km square at the city centre, in today's climate.
- Water stress is the share of the available water drawn every year. Drought risk is how often droughts come, against the area's own usual rain, and how many people and how much farmland they would reach. Both are graded on WRI's own scale.
- If emissions level off: the IPCC's SSP2-4.5 scenario.
- Water stress and drought risk have no rank in the country: they are steps of a scale, and many cities share one.
- Tsunamis and landslides are not rated for a single city here.
The nearest large cities
Distance from centre to centre.
- Amritsar · India · 50 km
- Gujranwala · Pakistan · 69 km
- Faisalabad · Pakistan · 120 km
- Ludhiana · India · 160 km
Large cities in Pakistan
Sources
- ERA5 Single Levels Daily Statistics: hottest day, hot days, nights, heavy rain
- GSHAP Global Seismic Hazard Map: earthquake shaking
- Environment and Climate Change Canada: Global Deterministic Prediction System (GDPS): the week's forecast map
- NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS): wildfire near the city now
- Global Land Subsidence Mapping Reveals Widespread Loss of Aquifer Storage Capacity: sinking land
- Aqueduct 4.0 Water Risk Framework: water stress, drought risk
- TerraClimate: the 2050s comparison
- NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX-GDDP-CMIP6): the 2050s comparison, warming
- Mahony, Cannon, Wang and Aitken (2017). A closer look at novel climates: new methods and insights at continental to landscape scales. Global Change Biology 23, 3934-3955: how climates are compared
- Aqueduct Floods Hazard Maps: river flood depth, coastal floods
- Global Biomass Burning at 500 m (GFED500): burned land
- IRIS: the Imperial College Storm Model dataset: tropical cyclone wind
Cite or embed
Cite this page
In a line
Source: Criora (criora.com), based on ECMWF, GSHAP, ECCC, NASA Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS), HydroShare, WRI, TerraClimate, NEX-GDDP-CMIP6, GFED500, IRIS
APA
Criora. (2026). Lahore, Pakistan: climate risk profile [Data set]. Retrieved November 4, 2026, from https://criora.com/atlas/PAK/lahore BibTeX
@misc{criora_atlas_PAK_lahore_2026,
author = {{Criora}},
title = {Lahore, Pakistan: climate risk profile},
year = {2026},
url = {https://criora.com/atlas/PAK/lahore},
urldate = {2026-11-04}
} The figures may be reused on the terms of their sources, which this page names.
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