Climate risk in Mashhad
Razavi Khorasan, Iran
Main risks in Mashhad
On earthquakes, Mashhad ranks above at least 93% of the world's 626 large cities.
- Earthquakes
- severe shaking on firm ground (0.36 g), more on soft ground [1]
- Higher than 93% of the world's large cities; 2nd of 6 large cities in Iran.
- For comparison: Quezon City 0.39 g, Tokyo 0.37 g, Bogotá 0.33 g.
- g is the pull of gravity: from about 0.1 g, shaking is strong and can cause light damage to buildings.
0.36 g Natural Earth Earthquake shaking on firm ground, 10% chance in 50 years
This week in Mashhad
This week's forecast risk around the city, by day and by hour, and the hazard events near it now. [2] [3]
This week's forecast for the city cannot be shown here right now.
Open the city on the mapThe Earth right now
The Earth's pulse reads the whole world, not this city, so it is the same on every city's page.
Earth's pulse, from 0 to 100. It rises with the number of people in the path of disasters now under way; 90 matches the 2004 tsunami.
Open the live mapWhere else Mashhad stands out
46%
Share of land sinking over 1 cm a year, within 15 km [4]
Higher than 96% of the world's large cities; 1st of 6 large cities in Iran.
For comparison: Jakarta 60%, Delhi 59%, Mexico City 48%.
+2.4 °C
Warming by 2050, if emissions level off [5]
Higher than 81% of the world's large cities; 5th of 6 large cities in Iran.
For comparison: Houston +2.5 °C, Ankara +2.5 °C, Dalian +2.5 °C.
extremely high
Water stress [6]
The top grade of its scale, shared by 30% of the world's large cities.
Around the city on the map
Sinking land
Natural Earth Water stress
Natural Earth Mashhad's climate in the 2050s
2041-2060 compared with 1991-2020, if emissions level off [7] [5]
By the 2050s, Mashhad is projected to have the climate that Gaziantep (Turkey) has today.
+1.9 °C
Mean temperature over the year
+2.5 °C
Average daily high, warmest month
+1.1 °C
Average nightly low, coldest month
+9%
Precipitation over the year
If emissions keep rising, Mashhad would have the climate that Aleppo (Syria) has today.
Share this comparison
Climates are compared on seasonal temperature and rainfall alone, each difference weighed against the city's usual swings from year to year (the method of Mahony et al. 2017); heat waves, the heat of city streets and the rising sea are left out. 2 of the 3 estimates from the climate models, the middle one and the two ends of their range, point to Gaziantep. [8]
Everything else measured
From the highest among the world's 626 large cities to the lowest.
| Reading | Mashhad | Among 626 large cities | Rank in Iran (1 = highest) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot days in 2025, over 35 °C [9] | 8 days | higher than 55% of large cities | Rank in Iran (1 = highest): 5 of 6 |
| Hottest day of 2025 [9] | 36.1 °C | higher than 49% of large cities | Rank in Iran (1 = highest): 5 of 6 |
| Tropical nights in 2025, over 20 °C [9] | 11 nights | higher than 22% of large cities | Rank in Iran (1 = highest): 6 of 6 |
| Drought risk [6] | Medium-High | the same grade as 38% of large cities; higher than 12%, lower than 50% | |
| Days with 20 mm of rain or more in 2025 [9] | 0 days | like 7% of large cities | |
| River flood depth, 100-year event [10] | Dry at the centre; other districts can flood | like 85% of large cities | |
| Land burned in an average year [11] | 0% | like 84% of large cities | |
| Tropical cyclone wind, once in 100 years [12] | No hurricane or typhoon reaches here | ||
| Share of the land around the centre (a 10 km square) that a 100-year flood from the sea puts under 0.5 m of water or more [10] | Far from the sea: no coastal flooding |
- Flood depth is given for one 1 km square at the city centre, in today's climate.
- Water stress is the share of the available water drawn every year. Drought risk is how often droughts come, against the area's own usual rain, and how many people and how much farmland they would reach. Both are graded on WRI's own scale.
- Water stress and drought risk have no rank in the country: they are steps of a scale, and many cities share one.
- Tsunamis and landslides are not rated for a single city here.
Sources
- GSHAP Global Seismic Hazard Map: earthquake shaking
- Environment and Climate Change Canada: Global Deterministic Prediction System (GDPS): the week's forecast map
- Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) global forecasts: air pollution near the city now
- Global Land Subsidence Mapping Reveals Widespread Loss of Aquifer Storage Capacity: sinking land
- NASA Earth Exchange Global Daily Downscaled Projections (NEX-GDDP-CMIP6): warming, the 2050s comparison
- Aqueduct 4.0 Water Risk Framework: water stress, drought risk
- TerraClimate: the 2050s comparison
- Mahony, Cannon, Wang and Aitken (2017). A closer look at novel climates: new methods and insights at continental to landscape scales. Global Change Biology 23, 3934-3955: how climates are compared
- ERA5 Single Levels Daily Statistics: hot days, hottest day, nights, heavy rain
- Aqueduct Floods Hazard Maps: river flood depth, coastal floods
- Global Biomass Burning at 500 m (GFED500): burned land
- IRIS: the Imperial College Storm Model dataset: tropical cyclone wind
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In a line
Source: Criora (criora.com), based on GSHAP, ECCC, Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) global forecasts, HydroShare, NEX-GDDP-CMIP6, WRI, TerraClimate, ECMWF, GFED500, IRIS
APA
Criora. (2026). Mashhad, Iran: climate risk profile [Data set]. Retrieved November 4, 2026, from https://criora.com/atlas/IRN/mashhad BibTeX
@misc{criora_atlas_IRN_mashhad_2026,
author = {{Criora}},
title = {Mashhad, Iran: climate risk profile},
year = {2026},
url = {https://criora.com/atlas/IRN/mashhad},
urldate = {2026-11-04}
} The figures may be reused on the terms of their sources, which this page names.
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