Climate risk in Santos
São Paulo, Brazil · 1.7M people in the urban area
What threatens Santos most
- Drought
- Medium-High WRI Aqueduct
- Water stress
- Low WRI Aqueduct
- Earthquake
- Low GSHAP
Tsunamis and landslides are not rated for a single city here. Climate risk profile of Brazil
The sea at Santos is projected to rise 243 mm by 2050 under moderate emissions.
Rio de Janeiro: 209 mm.
The highest of the 14 large cities in Brazil.
Santos's climate in the 2050s
2041-2060 compared with 1991-2020, moderate emissions
By the 2050s, Santos's climate will still be more like its own today than any other large city's. The nearest other is Miami (United States of America).
+1.2°C
Mean temperature over the year
+1.2°C
Highest in the warmest month
+1.1°C
Lowest in the coldest month
-1%
Precipitation over the year
Under high emissions, Santos would stay nearest its own climate today.
Its own climate today is 2.1 σ away. How close the match is: 6.3 σ to the climate of Miami today, where under 2 is close and over 4 is no match (Mahony et al. 2017). 3 of 3 climate model runs name the same city. Seasonal temperature and rain are compared, not extremes, city heat or the sea.
Where else Santos stands out
213 days
Tropical nights in 2025, over 20 °C
São Paulo: 48 days.
Higher than in 76% of the world's 630 large cities
Hazards at Santos
Read at the city's centre and compared with the Atlas's 630 large cities. Moderate emissions is the IPCC's scenario SSP2-4.5.
| Hazard | Santos | Among large cities | In Brazil |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hot days in 2025, over 35 °C | 0 days | ||
| Tropical nights in 2025, over 20 °C | 213 days | Among large cities: above 76% | In Brazil: 14 of 22 |
| Hottest day of 2025 | 33.7°C | Among large cities: above 27% | In Brazil: 9 of 22 |
| Warming by 2050, moderate emissions | +1.4°C | Among large cities: above 13% | In Brazil: 10 of 22 |
| Days with 20 mm of rain or more in 2025 | 15 days | Among large cities: above 71% | In Brazil: 7 of 22 |
| River flood depth, 100-year event | Dry at the city centre point | ||
| Coastal flood depth, 100-year event | Dry at the city centre point | ||
| Sea level rise by 2050, moderate emissions | 243 mm | Among large cities: above 79% | In Brazil: 1 of 14 |
| Water stress | Low (<10%) | Among large cities: above 0% | In Brazil: 12 of 22 |
| Drought risk | Medium-High | Among large cities: above 13% | In Brazil: 4 of 22 |
| Earthquake shaking, once in 475 years | 0.02 m/s² | Among large cities: above 3% | In Brazil: 13 of 22 |
| Land burned in an average year | 0% | ||
| Cyclone wind, once in 100 years | 0 m/s |
Flood depth is read in a single 1 km cell at the city's centre, in today's climate. Other parts of the city can still flood. The country page names the deepest point near a coastal city in 2080, so its figure can be higher. See how deep a river flood reaches around Santos on the live map
See the tropical nights around Santos on the live map
213 days © OpenStreetMap Large cities near Santos
- São Paulo · Brazil
- Campinas · Brazil
- Rio de Janeiro · Brazil
- Curitiba · Brazil
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In a line
Source: Criora (criora.com), based on ECMWF, NEX-GDDP-CMIP6, WRI, IPCC, GSHAP, GFED500
APA
Criora. (2026). Santos, Brazil: climate risk profile [Data set]. Retrieved November 2, 2026, from https://criora.com/atlas/BRA/santos BibTeX
@misc{criora_atlas_BRA_santos_2026,
author = {{Criora}},
title = {Santos, Brazil: climate risk profile},
year = {2026},
url = {https://criora.com/atlas/BRA/santos},
urldate = {2026-11-02}
} Each reading stays under its source's terms; the sources are named on this page.
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