+4.0 °C
Temperature
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- +3.0 °C → +4.0 °C
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- +2.4 °C → +2.6 °C
Hottest month +6.5 °C by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).
North Macedonia Climate risk profile and hazard map
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Southern Europe
- Income
- Upper middle income
- ISO
- MKD
North Macedonia: mid-pack overall, with governance the main pressure.
Live events
Hourly disaster feed, shown alongside the standing risk below. Open the live mapHow risky is North Macedonia, overall?
The composite and its five dimensions. Higher means more risk.
Medium 43 / 100
5y
- 38 Climate Low
- 35 Nature -0.2 Low
- 29 Social Low
- 59 Governance Medium
- 53 Adaptation -1.9 Medium
Which hazards threaten North Macedonia most?
Physical hazard intensity. INFORM Risk Index, 0 to 10.
- 4.2FloodMedium
North Macedonia in global context
Risk-ranked against its cohorts. Click any country to open its page.
9
Southern Europe
#9 of 14 · median 4233
Europe
#33 of 43 · median 3818
Upper middle income
#18 of 53 · median 44Put two countries head to head
Compare with any neighbour on all risks and their 5-year trajectory.
North Macedonia: outlook from 2050 to 2100
Projected physical change under a moderate (SSP2-4.5) and a high (SSP5-8.5) emissions pathway.
By 2080 under a high-emissions pathway, North Macedonia is projected to warm +4.0 °C, with annual rainfall changing -25 mm.
-25 mm
Precipitation
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- -18 mm → -25 mm
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- -3 mm → -12 mm
Driest month -4 mm by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).
89%
Water stress
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- 86% → 89%
- Current path SSP3-7.0
- 86% → 86%
Share of land under high or extreme water stress; 6.3% today.
0.3%
River flooding
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- 0% → 0.3%
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- 0% → 0.3%
Land exposed to a 100-year river flood; 0.8% today.
Sea level
Landlocked, not applicable.
Projections from public CMIP6 (WorldClim 2.1, 5-model median, against a 1970-2000 baseline), WRI Aqueduct 4.0 and IPCC AR6 data. Monthly and bioclimatic aggregates, not daily-threshold indices. Forward-looking estimates, not a re-scored site risk.
Indicator panel
Every source-level indicator behind the dimensions above. Sort by score, value, or name.
Fossil Fuel Consumption | 82.2 % of total | 81.4 |
Renewable Energy Share | 19.5 % of total energy | 79.8 |
Energy Imports | 63.7 % of energy use | 73.9 |
Renewable Electricity Share | 31.0 % of total | 69.0 |
Coal Electricity Share | 46.7 % of total | 48.5 |
Land Surface Temperature | 18.4 deg C change | 46.7 |
Flood Risk | 4.20 0-10 | 42.0 |
Heating Degree Days | 4919 degree days | 33.8 |
PM2.5 Air Pollution | 26.1 ug/m3 | 26.5 |
Access to Clean Fuels | 81.3 % population | 18.7 |
Energy Intensity | 3.22 MJ/$2017 PPP GDP | 17.5 |
CO2 Emissions Per Capita | 3.66 metric tons | 11.6 |
Cooling Degree Days | 638 degree days | 8.7 |
Energy Use Per Capita | 1481 kg oil eq per capita | 8.5 |
N2O Emissions Per Capita | 0.29 kt CO2e per capita | 6.9 |
Heat Index | 0.00 index | 0.0 |
Environmental Treaties Engagement | 0.99 0-1 | 99.2 |
Access to Improved Sanitation | 0.89 0-1 | 88.8 |
Agricultural Capacity | 0.86 0-1 | 85.5 |
Protected Areas | 15.4 % of land | 84.6 |
Projected Cereal Yield Change | 0.76 0-1 | 76.2 |
Health Expenditure Per Capita | 0.75 0-1 | 75.1 |
Freshwater Withdrawal | 29.1 % of internal resources | 74.4 |
Food Production Index | 101 index | 72.2 |
Dam Capacity | 0.69 0-1 | 68.6 |
Projected Vector Disease Change | 0.66 0-1 | 65.8 |
Earthquake Risk | 6.50 0-10 | 65.0 |
Projected Warm Period Change | 0.64 0-1 | 64.3 |
Energy Import Dependency | 0.64 0-1 | 63.5 |
Agricultural Land | 49.8 % of land | 58.7 |
Forest Area | 39.7 % of land | 58.0 |
Urban Concentration | 0.56 0-1 | 56.3 |
Projected Hydropower Change | 0.55 0-1 | 55.4 |
Quality of Trade Infrastructure | 0.51 0-1 | 51.3 |
Age Dependency Ratio | 0.50 0-1 | 50.2 |
Rural Population | 0.44 0-1 | 43.7 |
Paved Roads | 0.42 0-1 | 42.0 |
Water Bodies Extent | 70.0 % of land | 30.0 |
Protected Biome Areas | 0.30 0-1 | 29.6 |
Natural Capital Dependency | 0.27 0-1 | 27.4 |
Freshwater Withdrawal Rate | 0.25 0-1 | 24.9 |
Projected Groundwater Change | 0.20 0-1 | 19.8 |
Access to Reliable Drinking Water | 0.20 0-1 | 19.8 |
Agriculture GDP Share | 6.63 % of GDP | 18.4 |
Food Import Dependency | 0.16 0-1 | 16.3 |
Water Dependency Ratio | 0.16 0-1 | 15.6 |
Child Malnutrition | 0.14 0-1 | 14.0 |
Ecological Footprint | 0.13 0-1 | 13.1 |
Projected Annual Runoff Change | 0.10 0-1 | 10.3 |
Projected Population Change | 0.09 0-1 | 8.8 |
Projected Flood Hazard Change | 0.08 0-1 | 8.2 |
Projected Climate-Related Deaths | 0.06 0-1 | 6.1 |
Threatened Mammal Species | 6.00 count | 3.1 |
Water Stress | 38.0 % | 1.0 |
Tsunami Risk | 0.00 0-10 | 0.0 |
Tree Cover Loss | 2304 hectares | 0.0 |
Natural Resource Depletion | 0.00 % of GNI | 0.0 |
Forest Depletion | 0.00 % of GNI | 0.0 |
Dependency Ratio | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Projected Marine Biodiversity Loss | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Population Below 5m | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Electricity Access | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Sanitation Access | 12.2 % population | 90.3 |
Hospital Beds | 4.22 per 1,000 | 67.9 |
Primary School Enrollment | 97.5 % gross | 66.2 |
Overweight Adults | 61.8 % adults | 64.1 |
Income Share Bottom 20% | 5.80 % | 61.4 |
School Gender Parity | 0.99 ratio | 61.4 |
Net Migration | -5597 persons | 54.9 |
Uprooted People | 5.10 0-10 | 51.0 |
GDP Growth | 2.07 % annual | 50.2 |
Aging Population | 17.5 % population | 45.8 |
Gender Labor Ratio | 65.3 ratio F/M | 40.3 |
Unemployment Rate | 13.2 % | 37.3 |
Labor Participation | 65.9 % (15+) | 35.1 |
Life Expectancy | 75.3 years | 34.6 |
Poverty Rate (National) | 21.8 % population | 34.1 |
Gini Coefficient | 33.5 0-100 | 34.0 |
Aid Dependency | 2.30 0-10 | 23.0 |
ESG Performance Score | 2.30 0-100 | 22.7 |
Safe Drinking Water | 80.4 % population | 20.8 |
Fertility Rate | 1.50 births per woman | 14.4 |
Internet Users | 87.2 % population | 14.4 |
Unmet Contraception Need | 10.3 % | 13.3 |
Development and Deprivation | 1.20 0-10 | 12.0 |
Food Security | 0.60 0-10 | 6.0 |
Health Conditions | 0.20 0-10 | 2.0 |
Children Under 5 | 0.20 0-10 | 2.0 |
Under-5 Mortality Rate | 3.30 per 1,000 | 1.7 |
Population Density | 72.6 people/km2 | 0.4 |
Recent Shocks | 0.00 0-10 | 0.0 |
Communicable Disease Deaths | 1.28 % | 0.0 |
Access to Electricity | 100 % population | 0.0 |
Shared Prosperity Growth | 5.25 % annual | 0.0 |
Undernourishment | 2.50 % population | 0.0 |
Patent Applications | 42.0 count | 100.0 |
Scientific Articles | 532 count | 99.9 |
R&D Expenditure | 0.40 % of GDP | 77.9 |
Control of Corruption | -0.35 -2.5 to +2.5 | 57.0 |
INFORM Governance Index | 5.60 0-10 | 56.0 |
Rule of Law | -0.17 -2.5 to +2.5 | 53.4 |
Government Effectiveness | -0.05 -2.5 to +2.5 | 51.0 |
Voice and Accountability | 0.16 -2.5 to +2.5 | 46.7 |
Political Stability | 0.17 -2.5 to +2.5 | 46.6 |
Regulatory Quality | 0.43 -2.5 to +2.5 | 41.5 |
Women in Parliament | 42.5 % seats | 30.6 |
Healthcare Access | 2.50 0-10 | 25.0 |
Legal Rights Strength | 9.00 0-12 | 25.0 |
Communication Infrastructure | 1.80 0-10 | 18.0 |
Physical Infrastructure | 1.70 0-10 | 17.0 |
Innovation (Readiness) | 0.11 0-1 | 89.1 |
Education (Readiness) | 0.32 0-1 | 68.2 |
Control of Corruption (Readiness) | 0.34 0-1 | 65.5 |
Social Inequality (Readiness) | 0.40 0-1 | 59.7 |
Regulatory Quality (Readiness) | 0.48 0-1 | 52.4 |
Doing Business Score | 0.56 0-1 | 44.2 |
Rule of Law (Readiness) | 0.59 0-1 | 41.1 |
Political Stability (Readiness) | 0.60 0-1 | 40.1 |
ICT Infrastructure | 0.62 0-1 | 37.9 |
These indicators have site-level resolution. Score your exact location.
Score a site in North Macedonia →But what about your location?
The country score is an average. Get the full risk breakdown for one address or point inside North Macedonia.
Where exactly?
Type an address, city, or landmark and we resolve it to a precise risk profile for that point.
Common questions
Answer-first, drawn from the same data above.
How risky is North Macedonia?
North Macedonia: mid-pack overall, with governance the main pressure. Its overall risk score is 43 out of 100 (medium), blended from World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.
What drives North Macedonia's risk?
North Macedonia's highest pressures are governance (59, medium) and adaptation (53). Its strongest area is social (29).
How might North Macedonia's climate change by 2080?
Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), about 49% of North Macedonia's land shifts toward a warmer climate zone by 2080, lifting its climate-hazard pressure index from 74 to 73 out of 100. This Koppen-based outlook is a separate, forward-looking measure from the historical ND-GAIN scores.
How much will North Macedonia warm by 2080?
Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), North Macedonia is on track to warm by +4.0 °C by 2080, with annual precipitation changing by -25 mm; under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5) the warming is about +2.6 °C. Based on CMIP6 multi-model projections against a 1970-2000 baseline.
How will water stress change in North Macedonia?
The share of North Macedonia under high water stress is projected to move from 6.3% today to 89% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct projections.
How will river-flood exposure change in North Macedonia?
The share of North Macedonia exposed to river flooding is projected to move from 0.8% today to 0.3% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct riverine-flood projections.
When was North Macedonia's risk data last updated?
Updated September 2026, drawing on World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.