+2.4 °C
Temperature
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- +1.9 °C → +2.4 °C
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- +1.0 °C → +1.5 °C
Hottest month +3.6 °C by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).
United Kingdom Climate risk profile and hazard map
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Northern Europe
- Income
- High income, OECD
- ISO
- GBR
United Kingdom: low across the board; strong nature keeps overall risk contained.
Live events
Hourly disaster feed, shown alongside the standing risk below. Open the live mapHow risky is United Kingdom, overall?
The composite and its five dimensions. Higher means more risk.
Low 33 / 100
5y
- 44 Climate Medium
- 23 Nature +0.3 Low
- 24 Social Low
- 43 Governance Medium
- 32 Adaptation +0.8 Low
Which hazards threaten United Kingdom most?
Physical hazard intensity. INFORM Risk Index, 0 to 10.
- 5.7FloodMedium
- 2.0DRR capacityLow
United Kingdom in global context
Risk-ranked against its cohorts. Click any country to open its page.
6
Northern Europe
#6 of 10 · median 3210
Europe
#10 of 43 · median 389
High income: OECD
#9 of 31 · median 37Put two countries head to head
Compare with any neighbour on all risks and their 5-year trajectory.
United Kingdom: outlook from 2050 to 2100
Projected physical change under a moderate (SSP2-4.5) and a high (SSP5-8.5) emissions pathway.
By 2080 under a high-emissions pathway, United Kingdom is projected to warm +2.4 °C, with annual rainfall changing +32 mm.
+32 mm
Precipitation
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- +21 mm → +32 mm
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- +33 mm → +18 mm
Driest month -3 mm by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).
9.2%
Water stress
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- 9.2% → 9.2%
- Current path SSP3-7.0
- 5.3% → 5.3%
Share of land under high or extreme water stress; 5.3% today.
0.4%
River flooding
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- 0.3% → 0.4%
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- 0.3% → 0.4%
Land exposed to a 100-year river flood; 0.6% today.
Sea level
United Kingdom: under high emissions, a 100-year coastal flood in 2080 could reach 8 of its largest cities.
Coastal sea-level rise
20502100
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- +0.23 m → +0.70 m
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- +0.21 m → +0.52 m
Largest exposed cities
PopulationMax depth
Max depth: the deepest water within 12 km of the city center in a 100-year coastal flood in 2080, under RCP8.5 with high-end sea-level rise (95th percentile), ignoring flood defenses and land subsidence. Source: WRI Aqueduct Floods.
Regional estimate for the country's coast (IPCC AR6 median), not the global average.
Projections from public CMIP6 (WorldClim 2.1, 5-model median, against a 1970-2000 baseline), WRI Aqueduct 4.0 and IPCC AR6 data. Monthly and bioclimatic aggregates, not daily-threshold indices. Forward-looking estimates, not a re-scored site risk.
Indicator panel
Every source-level indicator behind the dimensions above. Sort by score, value, or name.
Energy Imports | 44.3 % of energy use | 92.7 |
Renewable Energy Share | 12.2 % of total energy | 87.3 |
Fossil Fuel Consumption | 75.5 % of total | 75.7 |
Renewable Electricity Share | 40.3 % of total | 59.7 |
Flood Risk | 5.70 0-10 | 57.0 |
Coastal Protection Needed | 53.8 % coast | 40.0 |
Heating Degree Days | 5563 degree days | 38.2 |
Land Surface Temperature | 12.4 deg C change | 34.4 |
CO2 Emissions Per Capita | 4.62 metric tons | 14.7 |
Energy Use Per Capita | 2147 kg oil eq per capita | 13.5 |
N2O Emissions Per Capita | 0.41 kt CO2e per capita | 9.7 |
Energy Intensity | 2.04 MJ/$2017 PPP GDP | 8.3 |
PM2.5 Air Pollution | 9.91 ug/m3 | 6.3 |
Coal Electricity Share | 1.57 % of total | 2.6 |
Cooling Degree Days | 43.2 degree days | 0.6 |
Heat Index | 0.00 index | 0.0 |
Access to Clean Fuels | 100 % population | 0.0 |
Dam Capacity | 0.98 0-1 | 98.0 |
Forest Area | 13.3 % of land | 86.0 |
Urban Concentration | 0.83 0-1 | 83.4 |
Agricultural Capacity | 0.83 0-1 | 82.9 |
Agricultural Land | 69.6 % of land | 82.2 |
Projected Annual Runoff Change | 0.79 0-1 | 79.0 |
Projected Warm Period Change | 0.74 0-1 | 73.5 |
Food Production Index | 101 index | 71.7 |
Projected Vector Disease Change | 0.66 0-1 | 65.8 |
Health Expenditure Per Capita | 0.60 0-1 | 60.5 |
Protected Areas | 39.9 % of land | 60.1 |
Projected Biome Distribution Change | 0.56 0-1 | 56.5 |
Age Dependency Ratio | 0.55 0-1 | 55.5 |
Projected Marine Biodiversity Loss | 0.55 0-1 | 54.6 |
Energy Import Dependency | 0.44 0-1 | 44.3 |
Projected Hydropower Change | 0.44 0-1 | 44.2 |
Freshwater Withdrawal | 5.81 % of internal resources | 43.6 |
Natural Capital Dependency | 0.34 0-1 | 33.7 |
Quality of Trade Infrastructure | 0.33 0-1 | 33.3 |
Projected Sea Level Rise Impact | 0.32 0-1 | 32.4 |
Projected Groundwater Change | 0.31 0-1 | 31.0 |
Tsunami Risk | 1.90 0-10 | 19.0 |
Protected Biome Areas | 0.17 0-1 | 17.0 |
Rural Population | 0.17 0-1 | 16.6 |
Population Below 5m | 0.17 0-1 | 16.6 |
Projected Population Change | 0.16 0-1 | 16.4 |
Food Import Dependency | 0.15 0-1 | 15.3 |
Projected Flood Hazard Change | 0.11 0-1 | 11.4 |
Freshwater Withdrawal Rate | 0.05 0-1 | 5.0 |
Projected Climate-Related Deaths | 0.03 0-1 | 3.0 |
Threatened Mammal Species | 5.00 count | 2.6 |
Environmental Treaties Engagement | 0.02 0-1 | 2.5 |
Access to Improved Sanitation | 0.02 0-1 | 1.9 |
Agriculture GDP Share | 0.58 % of GDP | 1.6 |
Natural Resource Depletion | 0.56 % of GNI | 1.5 |
Water Dependency Ratio | 0.01 0-1 | 1.4 |
Earthquake Risk | 0.10 0-10 | 1.0 |
Ecological Footprint | 0.01 0-1 | 1.0 |
Tree Cover Loss | 26216 hectares | 0.4 |
Water Stress | 14.4 % | 0.4 |
Access to Reliable Drinking Water | 0.00 0-1 | 0.2 |
Forest Depletion | 0.00 % of GNI | 0.0 |
Projected Cereal Yield Change | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Child Malnutrition | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Dependency Ratio | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Slum Population | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Paved Roads | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Electricity Access | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Disaster Preparedness | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Hospital Beds | 2.35 per 1,000 | 83.9 |
Uprooted People | 7.60 0-10 | 76.0 |
Education Expenditure | 10.6 % of govt | 74.7 |
Net Migration | 445523 persons | 70.2 |
Overweight Adults | 61.4 % adults | 63.6 |
Primary School Enrollment | 102 % gross | 60.7 |
School Gender Parity | 1.01 ratio | 53.6 |
GDP Growth | 0.40 % annual | 52.8 |
Aging Population | 19.2 % population | 50.8 |
Shared Prosperity Growth | 0.56 % annual | 50.4 |
Income Share Bottom 20% | 7.70 % | 35.2 |
Gini Coefficient | 32.4 0-100 | 26.8 |
Gender Labor Ratio | 86.4 ratio F/M | 18.7 |
Labor Participation | 77.0 % (15+) | 18.0 |
Life Expectancy | 81.2 years | 16.1 |
Fertility Rate | 1.56 births per woman | 15.5 |
Unemployment Rate | 3.98 % | 11.0 |
Communicable Disease Deaths | 8.16 % | 10.8 |
Food Security | 0.90 0-10 | 9.0 |
ESG Performance Score | 2.51 0-100 | 7.5 |
Internet Users | 96.3 % population | 4.2 |
Children Under 5 | 0.30 0-10 | 3.0 |
Under-5 Mortality Rate | 4.50 per 1,000 | 2.7 |
Health Conditions | 0.20 0-10 | 2.0 |
Sanitation Access | 98.1 % population | 1.9 |
Population Density | 279 people/km2 | 1.5 |
Safe Drinking Water | 99.8 % population | 0.2 |
Development and Deprivation | 0.00 0-10 | 0.0 |
Recent Shocks | 0.00 0-10 | 0.0 |
Access to Electricity | 100 % population | 0.0 |
Undernourishment | 2.50 % population | 0.0 |
Aid Dependency | 0.00 0-10 | 0.0 |
Patent Applications | 11592 count | 99.2 |
Scientific Articles | 105584 count | 88.3 |
R&D Expenditure | 2.90 % of GDP | 50.3 |
Women in Parliament | 34.6 % seats | 43.5 |
Legal Rights Strength | 7.00 0-12 | 41.7 |
Political Stability | 0.51 -2.5 to +2.5 | 39.7 |
INFORM Governance Index | 2.80 0-10 | 28.0 |
Government Effectiveness | 1.16 -2.5 to +2.5 | 26.8 |
Voice and Accountability | 1.26 -2.5 to +2.5 | 24.8 |
Rule of Law | 1.40 -2.5 to +2.5 | 22.0 |
Control of Corruption | 1.48 -2.5 to +2.5 | 20.4 |
Disaster Risk Reduction | 2.00 0-10 | 20.0 |
Regulatory Quality | 1.54 -2.5 to +2.5 | 19.3 |
Communication Infrastructure | 1.50 0-10 | 15.0 |
Healthcare Access | 0.90 0-10 | 9.0 |
Physical Infrastructure | 0.00 0-10 | 0.0 |
Social Inequality (Readiness) | 0.43 0-1 | 56.7 |
Education (Readiness) | 0.48 0-1 | 52.0 |
Political Stability (Readiness) | 0.66 0-1 | 34.1 |
Doing Business Score | 0.68 0-1 | 32.4 |
ICT Infrastructure | 0.72 0-1 | 28.4 |
Control of Corruption (Readiness) | 0.77 0-1 | 23.4 |
Regulatory Quality (Readiness) | 0.78 0-1 | 21.6 |
Rule of Law (Readiness) | 0.81 0-1 | 19.1 |
Innovation (Readiness) | 0.83 0-1 | 17.3 |
These indicators have site-level resolution. Score your exact location.
Score a site in United Kingdom →But what about your location?
The country score is an average. Get the full risk breakdown for one address or point inside United Kingdom.
Where exactly?
Type an address, city, or landmark and we resolve it to a precise risk profile for that point.
Common questions
Answer-first, drawn from the same data above.
How risky is United Kingdom?
United Kingdom: low across the board; strong nature keeps overall risk contained. Its overall risk score is 33 out of 100 (low), blended from World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.
What drives United Kingdom's risk?
United Kingdom's highest pressures are climate (44, medium) and governance (43). Its strongest area is nature (23).
How might United Kingdom's climate change by 2080?
United Kingdom's climate zones stay broadly stable through 2080 even under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5); its Koppen-based climate-hazard pressure index holds near 76 out of 100. This forward-looking outlook is separate from the historical ND-GAIN scores.
How much will United Kingdom warm by 2080?
Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), United Kingdom is on track to warm by +2.4 °C by 2080, with annual precipitation changing by +32 mm; under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5) the warming is about +1.5 °C. Based on CMIP6 multi-model projections against a 1970-2000 baseline.
How much will sea levels rise along United Kingdom's coast?
Coastal sea level along United Kingdom is projected to rise by +0.70 m by 2100 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), and by about +0.52 m under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5). Based on the regional median of IPCC AR6 projections.
How will water stress change in United Kingdom?
The share of United Kingdom under high water stress is projected to move from 5.3% today to 9.2% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct projections.
How will river-flood exposure change in United Kingdom?
The share of United Kingdom exposed to river flooding is projected to move from 0.6% today to 0.4% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct riverine-flood projections.
When was United Kingdom's risk data last updated?
Updated September 2026, drawing on World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.