+3.6 °C
Temperature
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- +3.1 °C → +3.6 °C
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- +2.3 °C → +2.5 °C
Hottest month +6.2 °C by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).
San Marino Climate risk profile and hazard map
- Region
- Europe
- Subregion
- Southern Europe
- Income
- High income, non-OECD
- ISO
- SMR
San Marino: low across the board; strong climate keeps overall risk contained.
Live events
Hourly disaster feed, shown alongside the standing risk below. Open the live mapHow risky is San Marino, overall?
The composite and its five dimensions. Higher means more risk.
Low 32 / 100
5y
- 10 Climate Very low
- 25 Nature +0.2 Low
- 21 Social Low
- 68 Governance High
- 36 Adaptation -1.9 Low
San Marino in global context
Risk-ranked against its cohorts. Click any country to open its page.
1
Southern Europe
#1 of 14 · median 428
Europe
#8 of 43 · median 383
High income: nonOECD
#3 of 20 · median 36Put two countries head to head
Compare with any neighbour on all risks and their 5-year trajectory.
San Marino: outlook from 2050 to 2100
Projected physical change under a moderate (SSP2-4.5) and a high (SSP5-8.5) emissions pathway.
By 2080 under a high-emissions pathway, San Marino is projected to warm +3.6 °C, with annual rainfall changing -9 mm.
-9 mm
Precipitation
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- +2 mm → -9 mm
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- -7 mm → +5 mm
Driest month -3 mm by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).
100%
Water stress
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- 100% → 100%
- Current path SSP3-7.0
- 100% → 100%
Share of land under high or extreme water stress; 100% today.
0%
River flooding
20502080
- Higher emissions SSP5-8.5
- 0% → 0%
- Lower emissions SSP2-4.5
- 0% → 0%
Land exposed to a 100-year river flood; 0% today.
Sea level
Landlocked, not applicable.
Projections from public CMIP6 (WorldClim 2.1, 5-model median, against a 1970-2000 baseline), WRI Aqueduct 4.0 and IPCC AR6 data. Monthly and bioclimatic aggregates, not daily-threshold indices. Forward-looking estimates, not a re-scored site risk.
Indicator panel
Every source-level indicator behind the dimensions above. Sort by score, value, or name.
Land Surface Temperature | 20.6 deg C change | 51.2 |
Heating Degree Days | 4346 degree days | 29.9 |
PM2.5 Air Pollution | 10.7 ug/m3 | 7.2 |
Cooling Degree Days | 522 degree days | 7.1 |
Heat Index | 0.00 index | 0.0 |
Access to Clean Fuels | 100 % population | 0.0 |
Urban Concentration | 0.98 0-1 | 97.7 |
Environmental Treaties Engagement | 0.86 0-1 | 85.8 |
Forest Area | 16.7 % of land | 82.4 |
Projected Biome Distribution Change | 0.66 0-1 | 65.9 |
Projected Vector Disease Change | 0.66 0-1 | 65.8 |
Projected Warm Period Change | 0.63 0-1 | 63.0 |
Health Expenditure Per Capita | 0.55 0-1 | 54.7 |
Age Dependency Ratio | 0.50 0-1 | 49.7 |
Agricultural Land | 38.3 % of land | 45.0 |
Projected Cereal Yield Change | 0.23 0-1 | 22.9 |
Projected Population Change | 0.13 0-1 | 13.1 |
Access to Improved Sanitation | 0.10 0-1 | 9.9 |
Projected Flood Hazard Change | 0.08 0-1 | 8.4 |
Projected Climate-Related Deaths | 0.03 0-1 | 3.0 |
Rural Population | 0.02 0-1 | 2.3 |
Projected Annual Runoff Change | 0.01 0-1 | 1.1 |
Tree Cover Loss | 0.00 hectares | 0.0 |
Agriculture GDP Share | 0.01 % of GDP | 0.0 |
Threatened Mammal Species | 0.00 count | 0.0 |
Access to Reliable Drinking Water | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Projected Marine Biodiversity Loss | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Population Below 5m | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Electricity Access | 0.00 0-1 | 0.0 |
Education Expenditure | 7.46 % of govt | 87.4 |
GDP Growth | 7.90 % annual | 60.2 |
Aging Population | 21.7 % population | 57.8 |
Net Migration | -190 persons | 55.0 |
School Gender Parity | 0.97 ratio | 47.9 |
Primary School Enrollment | 95.1 % gross | 44.0 |
ESG Performance Score | 2.40 0-100 | 15.7 |
Internet Users | 87.0 % population | 14.6 |
Sanitation Access | 90.2 % population | 10.1 |
Fertility Rate | 1.15 births per woman | 7.9 |
Population Density | 563 people/km2 | 3.0 |
Life Expectancy | 85.7 years | 2.1 |
Access to Electricity | 100 % population | 0.0 |
Safe Drinking Water | 100 % population | 0.0 |
Adult Literacy Rate | 100 % | 0.0 |
Under-5 Mortality Rate | 1.40 per 1,000 | 0.0 |
Patent Applications | 7.00 count | 100.0 |
Scientific Articles | 19.1 count | 100.0 |
Legal Rights Strength | 1.00 0-12 | 91.7 |
Women in Parliament | 33.3 % seats | 45.6 |
Regulatory Quality | 0.93 -2.5 to +2.5 | 31.4 |
Political Stability | 1.18 -2.5 to +2.5 | 26.3 |
Government Effectiveness | 1.20 -2.5 to +2.5 | 26.0 |
Voice and Accountability | 1.25 -2.5 to +2.5 | 25.1 |
Control of Corruption | 1.25 -2.5 to +2.5 | 25.0 |
Rule of Law | 1.48 -2.5 to +2.5 | 20.5 |
Education (Readiness) | 0.31 0-1 | 69.4 |
Doing Business Score | 0.53 0-1 | 46.7 |
ICT Infrastructure | 0.68 0-1 | 31.8 |
Rule of Law (Readiness) | 0.69 0-1 | 31.1 |
Control of Corruption (Readiness) | 0.71 0-1 | 28.7 |
Political Stability (Readiness) | 0.77 0-1 | 22.6 |
Regulatory Quality (Readiness) | 0.80 0-1 | 20.1 |
Innovation (Readiness) | 0.98 0-1 | 2.2 |
These indicators have site-level resolution. Score your exact location.
Score a site in San Marino →But what about your location?
The country score is an average. Get the full risk breakdown for one address or point inside San Marino.
Where exactly?
Type an address, city, or landmark and we resolve it to a precise risk profile for that point.
Common questions
Answer-first, drawn from the same data above.
How risky is San Marino?
San Marino: low across the board; strong climate keeps overall risk contained. Its overall risk score is 32 out of 100 (low), blended from World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.
What drives San Marino's risk?
San Marino's highest pressures are governance (68, high) and adaptation (36). Its strongest area is climate (10).
How might San Marino's climate change by 2080?
San Marino's climate zones stay broadly stable through 2080 even under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5); its Koppen-based climate-hazard pressure index holds near 76 out of 100. This forward-looking outlook is separate from the historical ND-GAIN scores.
How much will San Marino warm by 2080?
Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), San Marino is on track to warm by +3.6 °C by 2080, with annual precipitation changing by -9 mm; under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5) the warming is about +2.5 °C. Based on CMIP6 multi-model projections against a 1970-2000 baseline.
How will water stress change in San Marino?
The share of San Marino under high water stress is projected to move from 100% today to 100% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct projections.
How will river-flood exposure change in San Marino?
The share of San Marino exposed to river flooding is projected to move from 0% today to 0% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct riverine-flood projections.
When was San Marino's risk data last updated?
Updated September 2026, drawing on World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.