What drives Colombia's risk?

Colombia's highest pressures are adaptation (63, high) and governance (60). Its strongest area is social (42).

How might Colombia's climate change by 2080?

Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), about 7% of Colombia's land shifts toward a warmer climate zone by 2080, lifting its climate-hazard pressure index from 76 to 76 out of 100. This Koppen-based outlook is a separate, forward-looking measure from the historical ND-GAIN scores.

How much will Colombia warm by 2080?

Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), Colombia is on track to warm by +3.0 °C by 2080, with annual precipitation changing by +13 mm; under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5) the warming is about +1.8 °C. Based on CMIP6 multi-model projections against a 1970-2000 baseline.

How much will sea levels rise along Colombia's coast?

Coastal sea level along Colombia is projected to rise by +0.82 m by 2100 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), and by about +0.61 m under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5). Based on the regional median of IPCC AR6 projections.

How will water stress change in Colombia?

The share of Colombia under high water stress is projected to move from 0.3% today to 1.6% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct projections.

How will river-flood exposure change in Colombia?

The share of Colombia exposed to river flooding is projected to move from 3.8% today to 6.5% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct riverine-flood projections.

When was Colombia's risk data last updated?

Updated September 2026, drawing on World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.

Colombia Climate risk profile and hazard map

Region: Americas
Subregion: South America
Income: Upper middle income
ISO: COL

Colombia: mid-pack overall, with adaptation the main pressure.

Live events

Hourly disaster feed, shown alongside the standing risk below. Open the live map

How risky is Colombia, overall?

The composite and its five dimensions. Higher means more risk.

Medium 53 / 100

52 Climate Medium
47 Nature -1.2 Medium
42 Social Medium
60 Governance High
63 Adaptation -0.4 High

Which hazards threaten Colombia most?

Physical hazard intensity. INFORM Risk Index, 0 to 10.

7.0FloodHigh
1.3DRR capacityVery low

Colombia in global context

Risk-ranked against its cohorts. Click any country to open its page.

South America

#10 of 12 · median 50

Americas

#29 of 35 · median 44

Upper middle income

#47 of 53 · median 44

Put two countries head to head

Compare with any neighbour on all risks and their 5-year trajectory.

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Colombia: outlook from 2050 to 2100

Projected physical change under a moderate (SSP2-4.5) and a high (SSP5-8.5) emissions pathway.

By 2080 under a high-emissions pathway, Colombia is projected to warm +3.0 °C, with annual rainfall changing +13 mm.

+3.0 °C

Temperature

20502080

Higher emissions SSP5-8.5: +2.0 °C → +3.0 °C
Lower emissions SSP2-4.5: +1.5 °C → +1.8 °C

Hottest month +3.6 °C by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).

+13 mm

Precipitation

20502080

Higher emissions SSP5-8.5: +43 mm → +13 mm
Lower emissions SSP2-4.5: +83 mm → +72 mm

Driest month -6 mm by 2080 (SSP5-8.5).

1.6%

Water stress

20502080

Higher emissions SSP5-8.5: 1.2% → 1.6%
Current path SSP3-7.0: 1.2% → 1.6%

Share of land under high or extreme water stress; 0.3% today.

6.5%

River flooding

20502080

Higher emissions SSP5-8.5: 6.3% → 6.5%
Lower emissions SSP2-4.5: 6.4% → 5.2%

Land exposed to a 100-year river flood; 3.8% today.

Sea level

Colombia: under high emissions, a 100-year coastal flood in 2080 could reach 7 of its largest cities.

Coastal sea-level rise

20502100

Higher emissions SSP5-8.5: +0.26 m → +0.82 m
Lower emissions SSP2-4.5: +0.24 m → +0.61 m

Largest exposed cities

PopulationMax depth

Max depth: the deepest water within 12 km of the city center in a 100-year coastal flood in 2080, under RCP8.5 with high-end sea-level rise (95th percentile), ignoring flood defenses and land subsidence. Source: WRI Aqueduct Floods.

Regional estimate for the country's coast (IPCC AR6 median), not the global average.

Projections from public CMIP6 (WorldClim 2.1, 5-model median, against a 1970-2000 baseline), WRI Aqueduct 4.0 and IPCC AR6 data. Monthly and bioclimatic aggregates, not daily-threshold indices. Forward-looking estimates, not a re-scored site risk.

Indicator panel

Every source-level indicator behind the dimensions above. Sort by score, value, or name.

		Year		vs world	vs region
Coastal Protection Needed	82.0 % coast	2020	76.6	-7.7	+7.3
Fossil Fuel Consumption	75.3 % of total	2023	75.3	+9.3	0.0
Energy Imports	-130 % of energy use	2023	72.1	-21.1	-14.4
Flood Risk	7.00 0-10	2026	70.0	+18.0	+28.0
Renewable Energy Share	29.7 % of total energy	2021	69.2	-6.2	-11.2
Drought Index (SPEI)	0.35 index	2021	68.1	+21.7	+25.1
Land Surface Temperature	28.4 deg C change	2021	67.2	+2.5	+1.9
Cooling Degree Days	4291 degree days	2020	58.7	+6.9	-7.4
Renewable Electricity Share	72.7 % of total	2021	27.3	-47.8	-40.8
Coal Electricity Share	10.8 % of total	2023	23.2	+8.6	+4.6
Methane Emissions Per Capita	1.52 kt CO2e per capita	2020	12.0	+3.9	-5.6
PM2.5 Air Pollution	14.2 ug/m3	2020	11.6	-7.6	-7.0
N2O Emissions Per Capita	0.47 kt CO2e per capita	2020	11.0	+4.0	+3.8
Energy Intensity	2.18 MJ/$2017 PPP GDP	2022	9.4	-9.8	-6.2
Access to Clean Fuels	93.6 % population	2022	6.4	-3.8	+0.9
CO2 Emissions Per Capita	1.56 metric tons	2020	4.9	-2.8	-2.0
Energy Use Per Capita	782 kg oil eq per capita	2023	4.9	-11.8	-4.4
Heat Index	5.25 index	2020	3.9	+3.9	+3.7
Heating Degree Days	215 degree days	2020	1.5	+0.1	+1.5

		Year		vs world	vs region
Projected Cereal Yield Change	0.95 0-1	2023	95.0	+8.5	+0.9
Dam Capacity	0.94 0-1	2023	94.5	+1.2	+8.0
Projected Marine Biodiversity Loss	0.94 0-1	2023	94.3	+57.0	+47.5
Agricultural Capacity	0.92 0-1	2023	91.7	-0.1	+0.7
Earthquake Risk	8.90 0-10	2026	89.0	+54.0	+30.0
Health Expenditure Per Capita	0.88 0-1	2023	87.7	+3.5	+5.4
Paved Roads	0.86 0-1	2023	86.3	+31.3	+19.3
Protected Areas	16.7 % of land	2023	83.2	-5.7	-6.8
Access to Improved Sanitation	0.82 0-1	2023	82.5	+43.3	+28.1
Tsunami Risk	8.10 0-10	2026	81.0	+70.0	+44.0
Urban Concentration	0.81 0-1	2023	81.0	+23.6	+13.9
Projected Vector Disease Change	0.67 0-1	2023	66.5	+0.7	+0.7
Projected Warm Period Change	0.65 0-1	2023	64.9	-2.8	+12.9
Environmental Treaties Engagement	0.65 0-1	2023	64.8	-11.5	-10.1
Projected Annual Runoff Change	0.63 0-1	2023	63.5	+23.9	+14.1
Food Production Index	111 index	2022	62.8	-4.3	-7.5
Quality of Trade Infrastructure	0.54 0-1	2023	53.8	-8.4	-7.8
Projected Biome Distribution Change	0.52 0-1	2023	51.8	-5.8	-4.1
Agricultural Land	37.6 % of land	2022	44.6	-2.7	+10.2
Forest Area	52.9 % of land	2022	44.0	-22.3	-8.6
Projected Hydropower Change	0.43 0-1	2023	42.9	-0.8	-0.3
Age Dependency Ratio	0.39 0-1	2023	38.6	-14.1	-8.2
Projected Flood Hazard Change	0.38 0-1	2023	38.1	+19.8	+4.4
Protected Biome Areas	0.32 0-1	2023	32.4	-8.6	-3.4
Projected Groundwater Change	0.31 0-1	2023	31.1	+4.9	+9.3
Threatened Mammal Species	58.0 count	2018	30.4	+25.2	+25.2
Projected Climate-Related Deaths	0.30 0-1	2023	30.3	0.0	0.0
Access to Reliable Drinking Water	0.27 0-1	2023	26.5	+6.1	-7.9
Agriculture GDP Share	8.81 % of GDP	2023	24.5	+5.6	+8.0
Ecological Footprint	0.23 0-1	2023	23.3	+0.7	+1.4
Food Import Dependency	0.23 0-1	2023	22.5	+0.8	-2.6
Freshwater Withdrawal	1.37 % of internal resources	2021	19.2	-31.1	-17.4
Rural Population	0.19 0-1	2023	19.0	-23.6	-13.9
Projected Population Change	0.18 0-1	2023	17.8	-4.5	-2.2
Population Below 5m	0.14 0-1	2023	14.1	-0.7	0.0
Slum Population	0.10 0-1	2023	9.8	-6.7	-5.8
Natural Capital Dependency	0.09 0-1	2023	9.4	-12.4	-10.8
Water Dependency Ratio	0.09 0-1	2023	9.1	+2.2	+7.2
Tree Cover Loss	265168 hectares	2021	8.9	+8.8	+8.6
Natural Resource Depletion	4.21 % of GNI	2021	7.4	+5.3	+5.1
Child Malnutrition	0.07 0-1	2023	6.6	-7.2	-1.3
Projected Sea Level Rise Impact	0.05 0-1	2023	5.5	-8.0	-12.4
Dependency Ratio	0.02 0-1	2023	1.7	-5.1	+0.2
Electricity Access	0.01 0-1	2023	1.3	+1.3	+1.1
Freshwater Withdrawal Rate	0.01 0-1	2023	1.2	-6.3	-2.2
Water Stress	4.39 %	2021	0.1	-0.2	-0.1
Energy Import Dependency	0.00 0-1	2023	0.0	-25.7	-15.5
Disaster Preparedness	0.00 0-1	2023	0.0	-30.0	-25.0
Forest Depletion	0.00 % of GNI	2021	0.0	-0.1	-0.1

		Year		vs world	vs region
Uprooted People	10.0 0-10	2026	100.0	+41.0	+40.0
Gini Coefficient	53.9 0-100	2023	100.0	+48.7	+35.6
Income Share Bottom 20%	3.40 %	2023	100.0	+34.4	+27.9
Shared Prosperity Growth	-2.65 % annual	2020	100.0	+83.8	+41.9
Hospital Beds	1.69 per 1,000	2020	88.1	+9.1	+1.8
Sanitation Access	18.4 % population	2022	83.8	+43.8	+29.3
Overweight Adults	59.7 % adults	2022	61.4	+5.4	-5.1
Net Migration	154521 persons	2023	60.3	+5.3	+5.3
Primary School Enrollment	105 % gross	2022	58.0	-5.6	-5.0
School Gender Parity	1.01 ratio	2020	55.7	-1.1	-1.6
GDP Growth	0.71 % annual	2023	52.3	+3.4	+3.5
Poverty Rate (National)	33.0 % population	2023	47.2	+21.4	+6.0
Gender Labor Ratio	68.1 ratio F/M	2023	37.5	+10.5	+3.4
Development and Deprivation	3.60 0-10	2026	36.0	+6.0	+7.0
Labor Participation	69.1 % (15+)	2023	30.2	+0.1	0.0
Aid Dependency	3.00 0-10	2026	30.0	+5.0	+5.0
Safe Drinking Water	73.9 % population	2022	27.9	+6.4	-8.2
Unemployment Rate	9.59 %	2023	27.1	+12.9	+10.1
Internet Users	77.3 % population	2023	25.5	+4.6	+1.2
ESG Performance Score	2.27 0-100	2018	25.4	+0.4	+0.9
Aging Population	9.38 % population	2023	22.4	+6.0	+0.1
Recent Shocks	2.20 0-10	2026	22.0	+21.0	+16.0
Life Expectancy	77.7 years	2023	21.8	-17.7	-14.0
Fertility Rate	1.65 births per woman	2023	17.1	-6.2	-1.1
Communicable Disease Deaths	10.3 %	2019	14.2	-1.9	-2.3
Food Security	1.30 0-10	2026	13.0	-5.0	-5.0
Under-5 Mortality Rate	12.0 per 1,000	2023	9.3	-2.9	-1.3
Children Under 5	0.90 0-10	2026	9.0	-2.0	-1.0
Health Conditions	0.80 0-10	2026	8.0	0.0	0.0
Adult Literacy Rate	96.0 %	2020	5.8	-2.9	-2.9
Undernourishment	4.20 % population	2022	3.5	-2.3	-1.0
Access to Electricity	98.7 % population	2023	1.5	+1.5	+1.3
Population Density	46.6 people/km2	2022	0.2	-0.3	-0.1

		Year		vs world	vs region
Patent Applications	432 count	2021	100.0	0.0	0.0
Scientific Articles	9683 count	2022	98.9	-1.0	-1.1
R&D Expenditure	0.29 % of GDP	2020	95.7	+9.7	+0.4
Political Stability	-0.72 -2.5 to +2.5	2023	64.3	+14.5	+18.6
Rule of Law	-0.46 -2.5 to +2.5	2023	59.2	+6.3	+3.0
INFORM Governance Index	5.70 0-10	2026	57.0	+1.0	+1.0
Control of Corruption	-0.31 -2.5 to +2.5	2023	56.2	+0.6	-1.0
Women in Parliament	28.9 % seats	2023	52.9	-5.3	0.0
Government Effectiveness	-0.08 -2.5 to +2.5	2023	51.5	-0.2	0.0
Regulatory Quality	0.10 -2.5 to +2.5	2023	48.0	-4.8	-1.9
Voice and Accountability	0.21 -2.5 to +2.5	2023	45.9	-3.0	+6.6
Physical Infrastructure	3.30 0-10	2026	33.0	+3.0	+4.0
Healthcare Access	2.60 0-10	2026	26.0	-11.0	-3.0
Disaster Risk Reduction	1.30 0-10	2026	13.0	-28.5	-24.0
Communication Infrastructure	1.10 0-10	2026	11.0	-9.0	-9.0
Legal Rights Strength	11.0 0-12	2019	8.3	-41.7	-50.0

		Year		vs world	vs region
Innovation (Readiness)	0.04 0-1	2023	96.0	+1.3	-1.8
Social Inequality (Readiness)	0.25 0-1	2023	75.4	+23.9	+7.1
Control of Corruption (Readiness)	0.35 0-1	2023	64.6	+0.3	-1.2
Education (Readiness)	0.35 0-1	2023	64.5	-8.5	-4.5
Doing Business Score	0.39 0-1	2023	61.1	+2.7	-0.3
Regulatory Quality (Readiness)	0.42 0-1	2023	58.1	+6.1	+2.9
Political Stability (Readiness)	0.45 0-1	2023	55.3	+12.2	+16.0
Rule of Law (Readiness)	0.52 0-1	2023	47.5	-5.1	-1.9
ICT Infrastructure	0.54 0-1	2023	46.1	-1.6	+1.2

These indicators have site-level resolution. Score your exact location.

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Common questions

Answer-first, drawn from the same data above.

How risky is Colombia?
Colombia: mid-pack overall, with adaptation the main pressure. Its overall risk score is 53 out of 100 (medium), blended from World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.
What drives Colombia's risk?
Colombia's highest pressures are adaptation (63, high) and governance (60). Its strongest area is social (42).
How might Colombia's climate change by 2080?
Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), about 7% of Colombia's land shifts toward a warmer climate zone by 2080, lifting its climate-hazard pressure index from 76 to 76 out of 100. This Koppen-based outlook is a separate, forward-looking measure from the historical ND-GAIN scores.
How much will Colombia warm by 2080?
Under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), Colombia is on track to warm by +3.0 °C by 2080, with annual precipitation changing by +13 mm; under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5) the warming is about +1.8 °C. Based on CMIP6 multi-model projections against a 1970-2000 baseline.
How much will sea levels rise along Colombia's coast?
Coastal sea level along Colombia is projected to rise by +0.82 m by 2100 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5), and by about +0.61 m under lower emissions (SSP2-4.5). Based on the regional median of IPCC AR6 projections.
How will water stress change in Colombia?
The share of Colombia under high water stress is projected to move from 0.3% today to 1.6% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct projections.
How will river-flood exposure change in Colombia?
The share of Colombia exposed to river flooding is projected to move from 3.8% today to 6.5% by 2080 under a high-emissions scenario (SSP5-8.5). Based on WRI Aqueduct riverine-flood projections.
When was Colombia's risk data last updated?
Updated September 2026, drawing on World Bank, INFORM Risk Index and ND-GAIN Country Index.